Pension points: what they are, what they affect and how to get them

To calculate the insurance pension in Russia, a special formula is used, which takes into account the individual pension coefficient (IPK), or pension points. Their number depends on the length of employment and the amount of salary. "Izvestia" tells what the IPK is, how it is calculated and what it affects.

What are pension points

The individual pension coefficient is points that are accrued for each year of official employment, as well as for the so-called significant periods of life: childcare, military service, care for an incapacitated relative, etc. Their number directly affects the final size of the insurance pension, as it consists of two parts: a fixed payment, established by the state, and accumulated CPI, which have a certain value. Thus, in 2025, one pension point costs 142.76 rubles.

According to the law, in 2025, a citizen who has reached retirement age, has at least 15 years of insurance experience (periods of official employment + significant periods of life) and 30 pension points can count on an insurance pension. If the length of service or CPI is insufficient, a person can only receive a social pension.

As pension reform continues in Russia, the lower limit of the age at which one can retire is gradually increasing. In 2024, men who have reached the age of 63 and women who have reached the age of 58 could be considered pensioners.

In 2025, due to the peculiarities of the transition period of the reform, there is no lower threshold of retirement age, but men not younger than 1961 and women not younger than 1966 can start receiving payments. In 2026, the minimum retirement age will be 64 years for men and 59 years for women. By 2028 it is planned to increase this indicator to 65 and 60 years respectively.

How pension points are calculated

The CPI is formed from insurance contributions paid monthly by the employer for all employees. It is calculated according to the formula: Sum of insurance contributions for the year / normative amount of insurance contributions × 10 (the maximum number of pension points that an employee can receive for the year).

The amount of insurance contributions can be calculated based on the general tariffs. In 2025, the employer must transfer 30% of the employee's salary to the Social Fund of Russia (SFR) every month, of which 53.4% goes to the formation of the pension.

The second indexation of pensions from February 1: who should expect an increase in 2025

Authorities may consider additional indexation of pension payments for Russians

Thus, an employee who receives 100 thousand rubles before taxes will earn 1.2 million rubles for the year. For him, the employer will have to transfer to the SFD 192.24 thousand rubles of contributions (1.2 million × 30% × 53.4% = 192.24 thousand).

The normative amount of insurance contributions (NIS) is calculated on the basis of the maximum amount of salary, from which the employer must pay 30% of insurance contributions (after it is reached, a reduced rate applies). This indicator is determined by the government and indexed annually. In 2025, it is 2.759 million rubles per year (229.9 thousand rubles per month). For an employee with such an income, the employer will pay SFR 441.9 thousand per year (2.759 million × 30% × 53.4%). This will be the NSV.

Knowing all the necessary indicators, you can calculate your COE. For example, for a person with a salary of Br100 thousand, it will amount to (192 240 / 441 991.8) × 10 = 4.35 points.

For what you can get pension points

Pension points are automatically accrued all the time a person works under a labor contract, and his employer pays insurance contributions. There is no need to apply or apply to the SFD for this purpose.

However, there are other ways to get the cherished points. For example, if necessary, they can be purchased from the Social Fund of Russia, adding the missing amount of insurance contributions yourself. In 2025, from 1,037 to 8,292 pension points are available for purchase. The minimum contribution is 50.7 thousand rubles, and the maximum is 406.3 thousand rubles.

To purchase points, you need to apply to the SFD, fill out an application and deposit the required amount. You can do it at once or in several installments during the year. However, this method is suitable only for those who do not work under a labor contract on the territory of the Russian Federation: self-employed, IE or working abroad. Officially employed citizens will not be able to receive the service. The exception is the purchase of points for a non-working spouse or other close relative.

Not only labor activity, but also some life situations are included in the insurance record. Thus, pension points are accrued to parents during parental leave to care for a child up to 1.5 years old. For the first child is given 1.8 points, for the second - 3.6 points, for the third and fourth - 5.6 points.

Social pension in 2025: who will receive an increase and by how much

Next year the size of the payment will exceed 15 thousand rubles

Now, CPI can only be received for six years of childcare in total. However, in January 2025, the Ministry of Labor has prepared a bill that removes this restriction. If it is adopted, pension points can be received for all periods of such leave.

1.8 CPI is also accrued for compulsory military service, care for a family member in need of assistance (a disabled person of group I, a disabled child, an elderly person over 80 years old), moving with a military spouse to a place where it is impossible to find a job, or a business trip abroad with a diplomat spouse. Participants of the special operation for the defense of Donbass receive 3.6 points per year.

In addition, there are CPI multipliers for citizens who, for one reason or another, continue to work after reaching retirement age. The minimum multiplier of the increase will be 1.07 for a year of "additional" work, and the maximum - 2.32 for 10 years of labor activity beyond the retirement date.

How to know the number of pension points

It can be difficult to calculate the number of accumulated pension points on your own, since it is necessary to take into account the change in income during the period of labor activity, as well as various indexations and coefficients. Therefore, to obtain more accurate data, it is recommended to use the services of the SFD.

To find out how many pension points are already in the account, you can order an electronic statement on the website of the Social Fund of Russia. To do this, you need to log in and find the "Individual Personal Account" section, and then issue a statement on the status of the insured person's account. The information will appear in your personal cabinet or will come to your mail in the form of a file.

Labor and age: pensions of working Russians have grown faster than inflation

How the situation will change next year and when indexation will be returned to this category of citizens

You can also get an electronic statement on "Gosuslugi". To do this, you need to enter your personal cabinet and in the section "Statements and extracts" order a statement on the state of the individual personal account.

If there is no opportunity or desire to use online services, you can get a paper statement at a branch of the SFD or the nearest MFC. To do this, you will need to fill out an application and provide your passport and SNILS. The document will be ready within one working day.

Earlier, State Duma deputy (United Russia faction) and member of the Committee on Budget and Taxes Nikita Chaplin told Izvestia how to receive the pension savings of a deceased relative.