The doctor explained the causes of the allergy
The cause of allergy development is a combination of genetic predisposition, contact with allergens, mucosal damage and immune system reactions, while environmental factors and nutrition also play an important role. On July 8, on World Allergy Day, Ksenia Ryabova, an employee of the Laboratory of Immunopathology at the Institute of Molecular Medicine at Sechenov University, allergist and immunologist, told Izvestia about this.
Causes of the disease
To trigger an allergic reaction, a genetic predisposition and contact with a sufficient number of provoking factors are necessary. These include direct interaction with allergens, damage to mucous membranes, and an inadequate immune system response to proteins. The development of the disease is influenced by air quality, the microclimate in housing and the use of highly processed products.
The doctor noted that allergies can manifest themselves in adulthood after severe illnesses or stress. In particular, after the coronavirus pandemic, there were cases when damaged mucous membranes became defenseless against habitual irritants.
Prevention and parenting
The specialist advises to avoid excessive sterility in the environment of the child. It is important to introduce complementary foods on time and ensure contact with a variety of foods and animals in order to form a normal immune response. Studies show that children who grew up on farms are less likely to suffer from epidermal allergies.
"Avoid sterility — if you clean the space to zero, this is more likely to lead to the development of allergies than to prevent it. To introduce children to a variety of foods, to instill in them a love for healthy, balanced nutrition," Ryabova said.
Modern methods of treatment
Allergen-specific immunotherapy (ASIT) remains the main method of combating allergies, which allows achieving remission for a period of more than 10-15 years.
"The essence of the method is that we inject a particular allergen into a person, starting with small dilutions, in controlled doses and for a long time. Just as we used to get used to poisons, we also get the patient used to the allergen, thereby causing tolerance, that is, immunity to it. And we get a good, stable remission — from 10-15 years or more," Ryabova said.
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