Experts explained the principles of reducing tire noise

When designing tires, four basic techniques are often used to minimize noise. Andrey Zogot, Deputy Director of the Intair Scientific and Technical Center of the Cordiant holding, told Izvestia about this on June 26.

The first technological technique is the variable tread step. If you make all the tread blocks the same size and place them at an equal distance from each other, they will "hit" the road with the same frequency, which will cause a lot of noise. To avoid this, engineers alternate large, medium and small blocks in a strictly calculated chaotic order. Sound waves of different frequencies overlap and cancel each other out, the expert explained. To optimize the noise, a special program is used to calculate the optimal proportions.

"Another technique is closed shoulder areas. This is a design solution in which the tread blocks on the edges of the tire are connected by jumpers or made by a solid rib, rather than separated by grooves. This design blocks the transverse grooves from the sides, "locking" the air pops inside the contact spot and preventing sound waves from escaping," explained Zogot.

Also, in the manufacture of tires, special microscopic notches or notches are made on the walls of drainage channels, which break up fast air flows into small vortices, due to which the air cotton weakens and the high-frequency squeak disappears. In addition, the technology of internal sound absorption is also used, when a layer of porous polyurethane foam (a special lightweight foam rubber) is applied to the inner surface of the finished tire.

"When the air inside the wheel begins to vibrate from impacts on the asphalt, the sound wave collides with a layer of foam. According to some estimates, the weight of the tire increases by only 200-300 g, but the noise level in the cabin drops by 3-9 decibels. The human ear evaluates this as a decrease in volume by almost one and a half to two times," the specialist added.

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Earlier, on June 2, experts said that using car tires with a low profile (45% or lower) and, as a result, a larger diameter disc entails a number of disadvantages. For example, there is a high risk of damage to the tire and disc when hitting a road obstacle, and driving comfort also deteriorates, since the tire is unable to absorb road bumps due to the height of the profile.