Scientists have uncovered the mechanism of development of inflammatory bowel diseases
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- Scientists have uncovered the mechanism of development of inflammatory bowel diseases
Scientists have identified a key mechanism of inflammatory bowel disease in some patients: autoantibodies to interleukin-10 (IL-10), which neutralize the main anti-inflammatory regulator of the immune system. This was reported on June 10 in the journal Medical Xpress.
"This is the most exciting discovery in my entire career as a gastroenterologist. Now we can identify a group of patients whose exact cause of the disease is known, and this creates a real opportunity to change the approach to its treatment," said Simon Travis, professor of clinical gastroenterology.
Antibodies of the anti-IL-10 class were detected in the blood of about 3.5% of the examined people, both in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, but not in healthy people. In terms of the entire UK population, we can talk about 15-20 thousand speakers. These antibodies block IL-10, a cytokine that suppresses excessive immune response, and thus eliminate the natural "brake" of inflammation, allowing it to develop uncontrollably.
Scientists have also established a genetic link: the presence of autoantibodies correlates with the carriage of the HLA-DRB1*01:03 variant, one of the most significant genetic risk factors for inflammatory bowel diseases. Professor Holm Uhlig called the discovery a "missing link": now it is clear how a specific genetic marker leads to specific immune disorders — a chain that researchers have been trying to build for three decades.
The authors expect to develop a blood test to identify this subgroup of patients, which will make it possible to prescribe targeted treatment faster and more accurately. According to Rainer Doffinger, a clinical immunologist at Cambridge Hospitals, even a moderate reduction in biological therapy, hospitalizations and surgical interventions in such patients can save tens of millions of pounds annually for the British healthcare system.
On March 23, Medical Xpress reported on the association of fruit and vegetable consumption with a reduced risk of Crohn's disease. According to the publication, in particular, the combined consumption of foods such as apples, pears, bananas, mushrooms, onions and garlic was associated with a decrease in the likelihood of developing the disease.
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