Scientists have found a way to get rid of debris in outer space

Each rocket launch sends valuable materials that cannot be recovered into outer space and emits large amounts of greenhouse gases and chemicals that damage the ozone layer. This was reported on December 3 by Science Daily magazine.

"As space activities gain momentum, from the creation of a mega constellation of satellites to future missions to the Moon and Mars, we need to make sure that research does not repeat the mistakes made on Earth. A truly sustainable space future begins with the interaction of technologies, materials, and systems," said Jin Xuan, senior author and chemical engineer at the University of Surrey.

The environmental impact continues long after launch. Most spacecraft and satellites are not recycled, which leads to constant losses of materials. Many old satellites are sent into "graveyard orbits," and some become floating debris. It is specified that this may disrupt the operation of active systems.

The authors of the study argue that this approach cannot continue, especially with the increasing frequency of private space missions. They emphasize the need to create a circular economy in space, a model in which materials and equipment are designed with reuse, repair, and recycling in mind. These ideas have already been successfully applied in industries such as personal electronics manufacturing and the automotive industry.

Walking under the probe: space debris can fall anywhere on Earth at any moment

Spent satellites can reach the surface of the planet in just 10 minutes.

According to scientists, the basis of the circular economy in space are three principles — reduction, reuse and recycling. To do this, it is necessary to build satellites and spacecraft that can last longer and are easier to repair in orbit. It was also proposed to turn space stations into multifunctional centers where spacecraft can be refueled, repaired or receive new components. This will reduce the number of launches.

Improving recovery systems, including technologies such as parachutes and airbags, will be required to safely return spacecraft and stations to Earth and reuse them. Experts also believe that equipment in space is subject to severe wear due to extreme temperatures and radiation, so any parts intended for reuse must undergo strict safety checks.

In addition, the researchers propose new measures for collecting orbital debris, for example, using robots or networks to collect fragments in order to recycle these materials. Allegedly, this will help avoid collisions that create even more debris.

We need innovations at every level, from materials that can be reused or recycled in orbit, and modular spacecraft that can be upgraded rather than discarded, to data systems that track the aging of equipment in space," Xuan emphasized.

At the same time, he clarified that it is equally important that international cooperation and policy frameworks promote the reuse and restoration of resources beyond the earth.

Earlier, on August 11, the South China Morning Post (SCMP) newspaper reported on the development by Chinese researchers of a launcher for removing dangerous space debris orbiting the Earth. It was clarified that the device differs from electromagnetic railguns in that it operates on an unnamed proven technology that makes it more durable and practical for orbital deployment.

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