The expert spoke about ways to recognize anorexia nervosa in the early stages.

Changing eating habits, ritualized table behavior, and careful calorie counting may indicate the development of anorexia nervosa even at normal weight. Marina Kinkulkina, Head of the Department of Psychiatry and Narcology at Sechenov University, Professor, Honored Doctor of the Russian Federation, told Izvestia about this on November 16, the International Day against Anorexia.

The professor explained that anorexia nervosa is a serious mental disorder in which a person perceives his body in a distorted way and is pathologically afraid of gaining weight. These thoughts "capture the entire consciousness of a person," forcing him to sharply limit himself in food and even completely abandon it.

"Today, we are increasingly diagnosing atypical anorexia nervosa. With this disorder, a person has all the signs of anorexia, including a distorted perception of the body, a panic fear of getting better and severe eating restrictions, but at the same time the weight remains normal or even exceeds it," she noted.

Kinkulkina identified specific behavioral signs that should be a reason for attention. Among them are the abrupt abandonment of previously favorite dishes, especially carbohydrates and fats, avoiding joint meals, obsessive calorie counting and talking about "healthy" food. Eating rituals are also characteristic, including slow chewing and cutting food into small pieces, excessive physical exertion, taking laxatives and diuretics.

Speaking about the causes of the disorder, the professor identified several factors: genetic predisposition, personality traits, and social environment. However, the doctor paid special attention to the influence of social networks on the formation of the disease.

"The most powerful catalyst today is the "cult of thinness" being inculcated in society. Previously, it was broadcast through glossy magazines and fashion shows, but today it is broadcast around the clock through social networks. Teenagers and young people are the most vulnerable," she explained.

Kinkulkina classified teenage girls and young women as the most vulnerable social group at risk of anorexia. Nevertheless, according to the expert, young men who engage in sports or professional activities where weight is important often suffer from anorexia.

Kinkulkina stressed the need for a comprehensive approach to treatment, which includes the work of a psychiatrist, therapist, endocrinologist and other specialists. Psychotherapy and working with the patient's family are also critical components. If alarming signs appear, the professor recommends contacting a therapist or pediatrician first, who can refer you to a specialist.

"Anorexia nervosa is not a verdict. With a comprehensive approach, long-term therapy and the active participation of the family, very good results can be achieved. The key factor is long—term follow-up with a doctor. The road to recovery can be long, but it is absolutely real," she concluded.

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