Sechenov University has proposed a new approach to the treatment of TMJ dysfunction

Sechenov University specialists have developed a unique technique for diagnosing and treating problems with the temporomandibular joints (TMJ), which can cause pain, clicks in the jaw, and even restrictions on mouth movement. The medical institution told Izvestia about this on September 30.

According to experts, joint dysfunction is not only a malocclusion, but also the result of problems with posture, as well as psychoemotional factors.

"Normally, when a person chews and talks, the components of the joint — the head of the lower jaw and the articular disc (the "gasket" between the jaw and the joint) — move synchronously like a well-oiled mechanism. But under the influence of a number of factors, this synchronicity is disrupted. The disk may shift, and then, when the jaw moves, it will jump into place with a characteristic click," the experts said.

Andrey Dybov, Head of the Department of Pediatric, Preventive Dentistry and Orthodontics, Deputy Director for Scientific Work at the E.V. Borovsky Institute of Dentistry at Sechenov University, named three main reasons that lead to TMJ disorders. The first is malocclusion, which overloads joints and muscles, provoking their dysfunction. The second reason is postural problems, such as curvature of the spine or incorrect body position, which can change the center of gravity and affect the joint. The third is stress and emotional overload, which lead to involuntary gnashing of teeth, known as Bruxism.

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"Therefore, the institute has developed an examination protocol to identify the true cause of problems with the temporomandibular joint. First, the dentist examines the patient: evaluates the condition of the teeth and the type of bite, scans the oral cavity. If necessary, the specialist performs an axiography," the medical institution said.

In addition, electromyography is additionally performed to measure the tension of the masticatory and temporal muscles. An important stage of diagnosis is also the assessment of the patient's psychoemotional state.

The uniqueness of the proposed methodology lies in the interdisciplinary approach. Dentists, neurologists, chiropractors, and psychotherapists can treat the patient. As the initial stages of treatment, wearing an individual mouth guard is used, which relaxes the masticatory muscles and allows the joint to take the correct position. In addition, to consolidate the result, the patient is referred to a chiropractor to normalize posture and spine.

In addition to traditional methods, Sechenov University uses an innovative biofeedback method that helps patients control tension in the masticatory muscles. Sensors connected to the patient display muscle tension on the screen, and under the guidance of a doctor, a person learns to reduce this tension.

On July 16, Olga Albova, a dentist at the Dentistoff clinic, named the cause of bleeding gums when brushing her teeth. As the expert explained, the main cause of bleeding is plaque, which accumulates pathogens.

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