The doctor told about the causes of thrombosis

People over the age of 40 are at risk of thrombosis, but in practice, a person may encounter this problem at a younger age. Evgeny Kosmynin, an Invitro internist, told Izvestia on August 11 about why this happens, whether it is true that excess cholesterol in the blood increases the risk of developing this pathology and what preventive measures are available.

"Age over 40 is just one of the factors that predisposes to thrombosis. Young people may have other risk factors.: smoking, increased body mass index (overweight, obesity), sedentary lifestyle, dyslipidemia (impaired fat metabolism), hyperfibrinogenemia (increased fibrinogen concentration in the blood), burdened family history, taking oral contraceptives (hormonal contraceptives), varicose veins of the lower extremities, emotional aggression and anxiety," — he explained.

Cholesterol is a complex organic substance that is a component of the cell walls of tissues and organs. When there is an excess, the unused part of it undergoes oxidation and settles under the endothelium of the vascular walls, which is manifested by the appearance of lipid spots and stripes on them, which, with the ongoing pathological process, turn into atherosclerotic plaques.

As a result of plaque formation, blood flow is disrupted due to narrowing of the vascular lumen. With the rapid formation of plaque, its membranes become thin and fragile, and they tend to detach. This can lead to the formation of a blood clot and, as a result, to a complete or partial blockage of the vessel.

"Based on the results of a blood cholesterol test alone, it is difficult to judge the risk of thrombosis, but at least this makes it possible to suspect the presence of such a risk. There are many risk assessment criteria, the main one is the SCORE (Systematic COronary Risk Assessment) scale, which is designed to assess the risk of fatal cardiovascular disease over a period of 10 years. The WELLS scale is used to assess the likelihood of thrombosis. But in the presence of risk factors and high cholesterol levels, early thrombosis is more likely," the doctor explained.

In case of any violation of the lipid spectrum (fat metabolism), lifestyle correction, adherence to work and rest, adherence to a diet that helps normalize cholesterol levels, and regular physical activity are recommended.

"In the presence of the above risk factors for thrombosis, it is necessary to consult your doctor, who will prescribe the necessary examination, identify possible causes and treatment. Drug therapy is prescribed depending on the nature of dyslipidemia and the presence of concomitant pathologies: obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, depression, anxiety disorders," the specialist added.

Ella Vinogradova, a cardiologist at the Sberbank Health medical company, told Izvestia on August 5 that fatigue, even with little physical exertion, can be a sign of heart failure. The pathology is based on two mechanisms: the first is a compensatory reaction to a decrease in the function of the left ventricle, the second is the death of cardiomyocytes after a heart attack. All this leads to a gradual change in the structure of the heart and, consequently, a deterioration in its work.

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