What will change in the lives of Russians in 2025
The first month of 2025 will traditionally start with vacations. This time they will last 11 days: from Sunday, December 29 to Wednesday, January 8. Russians will also see a large number of innovations in the legislative sphere, including an increase in the minimum wage, subsistence minimum and other payments. In addition, significant changes are coming in the housing sphere. About the most important laws that come into force in the new year - in the material of "Izvestia".
MROT, cost of living and social benefits
The new year will begin with an increase in the minimum wage, living wage and social pensions.
From January 1, the minimum wage in Russia will increase by 3,198 rubles - from 19,242 to 22,440 rubles. Thus, the indexation will amount to 16.6%. In addition, this indicator will begin to be calculated in a new way, linking it to the level of the median wage - it should be 48% of it.
Following the minimum wage, the subsistence minimum will increase by 15%. It will amount to Br17.733 in the country as a whole, Br19.329 for the able-bodied population, Br17.201 for children and Br15.250 for pensioners.
The minimum wage and the PM are taken into account when assigning many payments and benefits, including social pensions. They will be indexed by 7.3%. The fixed payment for old-age pensions will amount to Br8729, and the cost of a pension point - Br143. Based on this, the supplementary payment for:
- each disabled family member dependent on the pensioner, will amount to one third of the fixed payment - 2910 rubles;
- 15 years of service in the Far North will be equal to 4364 rubles, that is, half of the fixed payment. For 20 years of work in equated areas, a citizen can count on an additional payment of 2619 rubles;
- for 30 years of work in the agricultural sector, people living in rural areas will be paid 2182 rubles every month.
In addition, on February 1, the indexation of UDV will take place. The cost of a set of social services will amount to Br1694 for federal beneficiaries, Br4490 for veterans of combat operations, Br5714 for the disabled of group I, Br4080 for group II and Br3266 for group III.
In 2025 the size of the maternity capital will increase. The payment for the first child will be raised to Br676,399, and for the second and subsequent - up to Br893,836. The same 7.3% will be indexed and the rest of the maternity capital.
For pensioners
The year 2025 will bring a number of legislative changes for pensioners. Among them is the resumption of indexation of insurance pensions for working senior citizens. From January 1, such payments will increase by 7.3%. At the same time, the calculation base will take into account all past indexations, but the increase will be added only to the amount that the working pensioner receives. Full restoration of all missed increases is traditionally possible only after his dismissal.
In August, will recalculate those pensioners who worked in 2024. The maximum possible increase will be 3 pension points.
In proportion to the increase in the regional minimum for pensioners from the beginning of the year will grow and social additional payments of people whose pension together with other social benefits does not exceed this minimum. If they have debts, they will keep their pensions at the subsistence minimum (Br19.329) or the regional minimum after deduction.
Also in the new year, pension points will be accrued on the increased value of the maximum base for the calculation of insurance contributions - it will amount to 2,759,000 rubles. Thus, if a person receives a salary at the level of the minimum wage (Br22,440), he will accumulate 0.976 pension points.
From January, pensioners over 80 years old and disabled persons of the first group will automatically receive a monthly supplementary payment of Br1,200 regardless of whether someone takes care of them officially or not. But the payments due in connection with the care of a citizen under 80 years old, who needs assistance according to the doctor's prescription, will no longer be assigned - only the previously assigned support will continue.
Military pensions will also be changed. In the coming year, the monetary allowance in their calculation will be taken into account with an adjustment of 89.83%. An increase in such a coefficient is not yet planned, and indexation of payments will amount to 4.5%.
If a serviceman died while on duty, his widow or widower has the right to receive survivor pensions regardless of his age and ability to work, if the couple has a child under 23 years of age. At the same time, she or he may continue to work without losing the ability to receive a pension.
In addition, from 2025, the payment of monetary compensation to disabled persons who bought technical rehabilitation devices at their own expense is canceled. Now the provision of prosthetics (except for dental) and prosthetic and orthopedic products will be carried out with the help of electronic certificates. According to the text of the new law, those who purchased the necessary TSR until January 1, 2025 will be able to receive compensation.
Real estate and its owners
The year 2025 is rich in various innovations that will affect the owners of real estate. First of all, they will be taxed for 2024 taking into account the cadastral value, which has significantly increased. At the same time, there is still a limit of 10%, within which the tax may be increased compared to last year.
The tax on gifted property will also be raised. It will be taxed at the rate of 13% only on the amount up to 2.4 million rubles, with the rest of the cadastral value will be charged 15%. Also, the property received as a gift will have to be certified by a notary under a mandatory form of agreement - such amendments will take effect from January 13.
From January 1, the cost of an extract from the USRN will rise in price: for a paper document will have to pay 920 rubles, the cost of the electronic version will be 580 rubles. For organizations the service will cost Br2540 and Br1640 respectively.
From March 1, a fine for illegal buildings on the plot is introduced. Now every building and construction must be put on the cadastral registration and register the right to them in the USRN. The same document imposes a ban on transactions with land plots that have not been surveyed.
The new law will make many changes to the procedure for holding general meetings of apartment building premises owners. So, now notifications about such a meeting will be transferred to "Gosuservices", and it will be allowed to be held in absentia only through the GIS Housing and Regional Information Systems. The results of meetings with all documents will also be posted there, which will automatically appear on a single portal, where each owner will be able to view them in a personal account. This procedure will come into force on March 1.
In addition, MCs, HOAs and specialized consumer cooperatives will be obliged to report to the owners on the funds spent. For this purpose there will be differentiated standards of management of apartment buildings, as well as a unified platform of annual reports.
On mortgages
From the beginning of the year in Russia will begin to operate a single standard for the protection of the rights and legitimate interests of mortgage borrowers, which will apply to all contracts and oblige banks to explain to customers as detailed as possible all the terms of the loan for housing.
Financial organizations will stop directing mortgage funds to the letter of credit, where they are not used for a long time for their intended purpose, and not to the escrow account. Also, banks will not be able to receive remuneration from developers for reducing the mortgage rate, if at the same time objects become more expensive.
The initial installment will be fully paid by the borrower on his own, it will not be able to take into account the amount of cashback, which is returned after the purchase of the apartment. The loan amount should not exceed 80% of the cost of housing, and the recommended term of mortgage agreements will be no more than 30 years.
In addition, from April 1, to apply for a mortgage will become more difficult for people with a large credit load.
For owners of houses and plots
In Russia there will be a state duty for putting the house on the cadastral registration, previously it was free of charge. When building a new object will have to pay 2 thousand. If it is necessary to change information about an existing building, it will be necessary to pay 1 thousand rubles. rubles.
Also in 2025, private houses will have to be registered in the Unified State Register of Residential Buildings immediately upon completion of construction, otherwise they will not be allowed to be used. Owners will have three years from the date of taking ownership to develop their land plots; if this period is violated, the overgrown and cluttered territory may be seized in the worst case.
The cost of registration of the right to a land plot for housing and household plots, capital construction objects and registration of restrictions on transactions with agricultural plots will increase.
As early as January 1, the service "Land simply" will start working, with the help of which you can independently prepare a scheme of location of a land plot without involving cadastral engineers. The electronic format of registration will reduce the time of the procedure and minimize the number of errors.
Increase in fines for drivers
From January 1, the size of fines for motorists will be significantly increased - on average by 1.5 times. Thus, the penalty for speeding from 20 to 40 km/h will be 750 rubles instead of 500 rubles in 2024.
Violation of the rules of using seat belts or motorcycle helmets will cost Br1.5 thousand (it was Br1 thousand), the location of the vehicle on the roadway, driving on the roadsides and other - Br2.5 thousand (instead of Br1.5 thousand). For driving contrary to the traffic rules on the oncoming lane, except for cases of obstacle avoidance, will be punishable by Br7.5 thousand. The punishment for drunk driving (without qualifying signs) will increase significantly - Br45 thousand instead of the previous Br30 thousand.
According to the new rules, the fine will be paid with a 25% discount, if done within 30 days from the date of issuance of the ruling on the penalty. Previously, it was possible to avoid 50% of the penalty, if the offender complies with 20 days.
Punishment for leakage of personal data
Asof May 30, liability for personal data breaches will be considerably toughened. The size of fines for the general composition has significantly increased. Thus, for legal entities the amount of punishment will be from 150 to 3 thousand rubles (previously - from 60 thousand to 100 thousand). Repeated violations will also cost more.
The law introduces new special compositions:
- violation of the obligation to notify of the intention to process personal data;
- violation of the obligation to notify about the leakage of personal data;
- actions (inaction) that resulted in the leakage of personal data;
- actions (inaction) resulting in the leakage of a special category of personal data;
- actions (inaction) resulting in the leakage of biometric personal data.
The peculiarities of these special categories are also defined: IEs bear the same liability as legal entities. If the operator organization is not a state or municipal body or NPO, it will be fined as a legal entity, and if it is, its official will be punished. If the operator has allowed repeated leaks of personal data, it may be subject to negotiable fines, the amount of which can be reduced if certain conditions are met. But it will no longer be possible to pay the penalty with a 50% discount.
Other
From January 1, 2025 in the Moscow region will prohibit the construction of new buildings with an area of less than 28 sq. m. without taking into account the balcony, loggia and storage room. This will affect not only apartments, but also studios and objects with free planning. Regarding two-room premises, their area must be at least 44 square meters. m.
From the spring of the coming year, Russians will be able to set a self-imposed ban on the issuance of consumer loans through "Gosuservices" and in all branches of MFC. To formalize such a ban or cancel it will be free of charge when submitting the appropriate application. Banks and microfinance organizations will have to clarify information on the existence of such bans before signing a loan agreement.
At the same time, on March 1, the law on aggregators of farm products, which opens new opportunities for domestic producers, will become effective. The change provides for a new direction of state support in the field of marketing of such goods. The main activity of aggregators will be the purchase of products, their primary and subsequent processing, storage and marketing. The Government of the Russian Federation will establish uniform requirements and rules for the activities of such organizations, and the constituent entities of the Russian Federation will determine the procedure and rules of competitive selection for the conclusion of agreements with them.
The beginning of the year will also bring changes in the tax sphere. In particular, all regions will introduce a special regime of AUSN (automated simplified taxation), previously it was applied only by organizations and IEs from Moscow, Moscow and Kaluga regions, as well as the Republic of Tatarstan. A number of restrictions on the use of the special regime will also be removed. Among other things, sellers on marketplaces will be able to use it, and operators of electronic platforms will be allowed to become partners of the Federal Tax Service of Russia and transfer information on offsets (income and expenses) of the taxpayer when conducting trade transactions on such a platform. The self-employed will have the right to switch to a special regime not only from January 1, but at the beginning of any month. AUSN taxpayers will also be allowed to take account of expenses in kind.
