Experts spoke about the rules of first aid in emergency situations

In emergency cases, when there is no time to wait for an ambulance, proper first aid can save lives. On April 9, experts in the field of medicine told Izvestia about the key algorithms of actions and the composition of the home medicine cabinet.

"Allergy, anaphylaxis requires immediate injection of 0.5 ml adrenaline into the thigh muscle, horizontal body position with raised legs, continuous breathing control. An immediate call is 103," said Svetlana Guz, an ambulance doctor at JSC "Medicine" (Academician Roitberg Clinic).

According to her, in case of poisoning, it is important to stop contact with the toxin, take enterosorbents and ensure plentiful drinking. In case of loss of consciousness, it is necessary to assess breathing and pulse: in their absence, cardiopulmonary resuscitation should be started immediately, and if present, give the victim a stable lateral position and call the doctors.

In addition, with bleeding, it is necessary to distinguish their type: with arterial, apply a tourniquet above the wound, with venous, use a pressure bandage and lift the limb. In case of burns, cool the affected area with water and apply a sterile bandage.

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"First aid for skin injuries requires antiseptics: chlorhexidine or miramistin, which cleanse the wound of germs and prevent inflammation; ointments and gels for burns: preparations with dexpanthenol for accelerated repair of damaged skin and ketoprofen for rapid pain relief," explained Valentina Milovanova, Marketing Director of Ozon Pharmaceuticals.

In case of fractures, it is important to fix the injured limb with a splint and not try to set the bones. The first-aid kit should contain bandages, napkins, patches and tourniquets to stop bleeding.

Experts pay special attention to cardiovascular conditions. For chest pain, it is necessary to take nitroglycerin and aspirin and urgently call an ambulance. If a stroke is suspected, the condition should be assessed on the FAST scale and the victim should be provided with rest without food and water.

"Remember, your task is to monitor the condition before the arrival of the NSR. Improper actions worsen the condition. Act decisively and systematically. Time is the main factor of survival," Guz emphasized.

On March 25, Marina Peredelskaya, an allergist and immunologist at the consultative and diagnostic department of Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 24, reported that freshly squeezed juices from apples and carrots can cause cross-allergy in people with sensitivity to plant pollen. According to her, such drinks also include birch juice and celery smoothie.

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