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- From five and more: all parental leave up to 1.5 years will be included in the insurance record
From five and more: all parental leave up to 1.5 years will be included in the insurance record
All parental leave for up to one and a half years will be included in the insurance record without restrictions, the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers reported. This change will increase the pension amount of parents with five or more children. Izvestia investigated exactly what the innovation is, as well as what other measures can improve the demographic situation.
Blurring the boundaries
This is primarily about restoring justice, Tatyana Butskaya, first deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Family Protection, Fatherhood, Motherhood and Childhood, told Izvestia. Previously, only four children were counted in the insurance record, while the periods of care for the fifth and subsequent children were not taken into account without any clear explanation. This caused confusion and a sense of injustice. Now such legislative decisions of the past are being consistently reviewed and closed.
According to the MP, there are examples of other legal gaps. For example, if a parent or grandmother gives a child an apartment, no tax is charged. However, when a great-grandmother makes a gift, a tax obligation arises, since the law did not take into account all degrees of kinship. Such discrepancies are eliminated, and it is in this context that the decision to account for all parental leave is crucial.
— Improving the demographic situation requires a comprehensive approach, — said Tatiana Butskaya. — Housing policy plays a significant role, including successful regional practices. An example is social rental homes in St. Petersburg, where families can rent spacious apartments at an affordable price for a period of one to 10 years, including without registration in the region.
Practice shows that after settling into such houses, children are more likely to appear in families, which is noticeable by the crowded children's infrastructure around.
Special attention is paid to the system of early care for children from birth to three years old, the politician recalled. This state-owned and free system makes it possible to provide timely medical, social and correctional support to children with special needs, without wasting time and supporting families in difficult situations. Such measures help children avoid disability, preserve families, and generally contribute to solving demographic problems.
Recent changes in pension legislation make it possible to more fairly take into account the right to pension for large families, as well as for mothers who have two or more children at the same time, Mikhail Terentyev, deputy chairman of the State Duma Committee on Labor, Social Policy and Veterans Affairs, chairman of the All-Russian Society of the Disabled, told Izvestia.
"Together with social support measures — tax deductions, maternity capital, special attention to heroine mothers, the development of social infrastructure, schools and sports facilities - these solutions form a systematic support for family and motherhood and will contribute to improving the demographic situation in general," he believes.
A fair assessment
If you are on maternity leave for up to 1.5 years, pension rights for each child are retained in full, Inna Litvinenko, associate professor of Economics and Management at the Russian State University of Social Technologies, member of the Public Council under the Ministry of Science and Higher Education, told Izvestia. These periods are now added together without the previous limit of six years.
In the case of the birth of twins or triplets, the period of 1.5 years is multiplied by two or three, respectively, which significantly increases the retirement coefficients. Starting from January 1, pensions have already been recalculated for 400,000 mothers with many children. In general, such changes enhance the sense of stability, social security, and government support for families with children.
"An additional factor in improving the demographic situation could be the expansion of the paid maternity leave system," the expert believes. — We are talking about the introduction of a progressive scale depending on the number of children. For each subsequent child, at least six months could be added to the base 1.5 years. In this case, at the birth of the second child, the paid leave would be two years, the third — 2.5 years, and so on.
Further reforms of the pension system, according to her, seem very likely. This is facilitated by steady trends, in particular with a decrease in the number of able-bodied people, the consequences of the demographic decline of previous years and an increase in life expectancy due to the development of medicine. In the future, it is possible to raise the retirement age and introduce a single retirement age limit for men and women, the expert believes.
The improvement of the demographic situation primarily contributes to citizens' confidence in the future, Andrei Zhukovsky, a leading researcher at the Institute of Regional Economics and Inter-Budgetary Relations at the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, told Izvestia. It is formed due to an understandable and transparent understanding of one's pension provision, as well as the availability of a clear roadmap for social support measures throughout one's life.
— We are talking about supporting key life stages, including the birth of children, the maternity period, the provision of financial support measures, as well as professional and household benefits. It is precisely this kind of consistency that can have a noticeable demographic effect in the near future," he noted.
Further changes to the pension system, according to him, are a natural and inevitable process. Legislative adjustments are expected to take into account changes in the gender and age structure of the population and the transformation of the country's economic model.
Separately, according to him, it is possible to emphasize the importance of world experience. Reducing the gender gap in women's participation in the economy, including equal recognition of their work experience, can increase global GDP by 26% in the period 2028-2030. This is especially important for Russia, since countries with a higher level of gender equality, as practice shows, demonstrate higher economic growth rates due to the full use of human capital, which creates a multiplier effect for the national economy.
The adopted measure represents a fair assessment of maternal labor, said Irina Blinkova, an expert from the organization "Popular Front. Analytics". It's not just about the financial component. First of all, the social importance of motherhood and parenting is recognized.
— Since it is women who in most cases take parental leave, this decision is an important step towards reducing the gender gap in pension provision. The previously lost years of service directly affected the reduction in the size of the future pension, now this imbalance has been eliminated," the expert said.
Izvestia sent a request to the Ministry of Labor, but no response had been received at the time of publication.
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