New hope: students who have not passed the GIA want to teach working professions
Students who have not passed the GIA want to teach working professions. Such a bill was recommended for adoption in the first reading by the State Duma Committee on Education. It is assumed that the new rule will allow teenagers to work in their home region and will have a positive impact on their work achievements. The working profession will become an incentive to study and will help students not to stay on the street, experts are sure. Whether such training will be a step into a successful future is in the Izvestia article.
The chance of success
Ninth graders who have not passed the state final certification will be able to study a working profession for free. The relevant bill was recommended for adoption in the first reading by the State Duma Committee on Education. The document was submitted to the State Duma by a group of deputies from different factions in July this year.
The initiative amends the Law on Education. It assumes that students who have received unsatisfactory results at the GIA in basic general education programs will have the right to receive free vocational training in training programs for working professions and positions of employees. The list of such professions will be determined by regional authorities.
The authors of the initiative point out that often ninth graders who have not successfully passed the GIA are forced to lose almost a year before retaking it. Meanwhile, this year could be used to gain a working qualification.
"In this regard, it is proposed to provide for these persons the opportunity to complete vocational training, pass a qualification exam based on the results of professional training, and complete a state final certification based on the results of mastering basic educational school programs and receive not only a document of education (a certificate of basic general education), but also a qualification document — a certificate of a worker's profession., positions of an employee," the deputies recommend.
At the same time, public authorities are given the right to provide state support for vocational training for ninth graders who have not passed the GIA.
"It is assumed that the effect of this new law will contribute to the acquisition of a sought—after profession by a large number of young people who will be able to successfully implement their work skills in the labor market," the explanatory note to the draft law emphasizes.
It is expected that mostly Russians who have completed training will remain working in their home region, which will not only have a positive impact on their work achievements, but also contribute to the creation and strengthening of young families. And this, in turn, will have a beneficial effect on the demographic situation in the country.
As stated to Izvestia by the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation, for many students, studying a working specialty is an opportunity to gain practical skills that increase the chances of employment and independent living in the future. The list of professions will be determined by regional executive authorities, taking into account the needs of the labor market.
— These can be both working professions and positions of employees. They meet the needs of the regions and allow teenagers to obtain sought-after qualifications. For example: a draftsman, a construction designer, a customer service operator, a forestry worker, a carpenter, a tiler, a videographer, and others, were they listed in the Ministry of Education.
Educational conditions for ninth-graders who have not passed the GIA should be created regardless of the number of such students, the ministry said. Individual support is important for each student, it will contribute to his further self—realization and social adaptation, help him get a sought-after profession and find a job, mainly in his native region.
Current measure
According to research and statistics, about 10% of students annually fail the GIA the first time, says Oleg Baksansky, professor at the Department of Educational Psychology at the Institute of Pedagogy and Psychology at Moscow State University. This is due to various factors, including stress, lack of preparation, and individual perception of the material.
According to Rosobrnadzor, about 100 thousand schoolchildren fail the GIA. However, according to Oksana Goncharova, Vice-rector for Academic Affairs at the State University of Education, this is not a very high indicator. In the current system, 9th grade graduates who have not passed the OGE have several options: retake in reserve time, re-education in the 9th grade, transition to family education with subsequent certification, or employment in unskilled positions.
— Most of the guys successfully use the chance to retake exams in the fall and still get a secondary education. But with those who could not finish grades 9, it is necessary to work precisely, — Goncharova is convinced.
However, there is no point in forcing students who have not passed the GIA to re-master the curriculum, since they are not always interested in studying, the expert clarifies.
— The reluctance to study should be covered by another interest — the opportunity to work and receive decent money for your work. At this age, teenagers already roughly understand what they need. And they should be able to get a working specialty — just in order not to stay on the street," the Izvestia interlocutor is sure.
The parliamentarians' initiative adds a new path to existing opportunities — to complete free vocational training, pass a qualification exam and receive a qualification document, explains Olga Nemirovich, head of educational programs at the Skolkovo Education Transformation Center, director of the School Development Step program.
As noted by Sergey Permyakov, a teacher-psychologist and expert of the Youth Parliament at the State Duma of the Russian Federation, in fact, the bill deals with the revival of vocational schools, since an appropriate form of education, program and goals are needed.
— I personally know guys who say: "Let me work with my hands, leave this study alone." Such guys, of course, need to be given the opportunity to realize themselves in working professions," the Izvestia interlocutor points out.
However, not all experts see the need for such a measure. It is quite difficult not to pass both compulsory subjects when you are given a year to prepare and retake, says Irina Abankina, professor at the HSE Institute of Education.
— These are always isolated cases, not a mass situation, so individual solutions are required in each case. Often these are really guys from dysfunctional families who have lost motivation and are faced with negative life circumstances. And in this situation of disadvantage, when the child could not even pass the compulsory subjects, the problem should be solved individually, and not in a general manner," the Izvestia interlocutor emphasizes.
Olga Nemirovich agrees that the motivation of the student himself and the life circumstances that initially prevented him from successfully passing the exam remain a key issue that problematizes the new legislative structure.
On the right path
In general, according to the expert, the bill solves two key tasks: it gives teenagers social prospects and fills the personnel gap. The initiative allows you to build non-linear educational and career paths: students get the opportunity to choose different tracks at key points along the educational path, based on their resources and circumstances.
— In addition, it reduces the stigma due to failure at the OGE. Failure to pass the exam ceases to be a dead end," the expert clarifies.
At the same time, it is important that the list of professions will be formed by regional authorities based on the needs of the local economy, Olga Nemirovich notes. This enhances the social role of schools as participants in the development of their territories.
— In order for this role to be as effective as possible, schools should be directly involved in the process of identifying sought-after professions. This way they will be able to purposefully train graduates, providing them with exactly the competencies that will allow them to find work in their region," the Izvestia interlocutor is convinced.
We are talking about specialties that are not only in demand in a particular region, but also do not require serious theoretical, substantive training, Oksana Goncharova draws attention to. Professions where you need to work with your hands also require knowledge and high qualifications, but the first step towards mastering them can be taken at the age of 15-16.
Oleg Baksansky highlights the professions of electrician, welder, car mechanic, carpenter and bricklayer among the most sought-after working specialties among schoolchildren. These specialties will provide young people with stability and high demand in the labor market, the expert is convinced.
However, it is important to understand that there are restrictions on the employment of children under the age of 18, Irina Abankina recalls.
— Let's say we take the profession of "assistant machinist". A teenager will not be able to work in this position. In general, there are a lot of restrictions today that prevent children under the age of 18 from getting a job," the expert points out.
It should also be borne in mind that the free training of students who have not passed the GIA in working professions will create a burden on regional budgets, warns Abankina.
—And here the conclusion from the regions is very important — how much such a burden is possible for them, how much they can shift it to colleges, whether there are personnel there who are able to work with children who have not fully mastered the basic school program necessary for continuing education," she emphasizes.
However, it is possible to assist children in finding employment. And it's worth doing this for a year, after which you can retake the state final certification, Abankina is sure.
— It is important that teenagers could earn money this year, so that they could try themselves in some independent activity and find motivation to graduate from grades 9 and get an education document, — she is convinced.
But in this case, it is necessary to provide high-quality training and support for young professionals in order to avoid negative consequences, warns Oleg Baksansky. Getting jobs at an early age can be beneficial, but requires careful planning and support from educational institutions and employers.
Such children need help in choosing a profession and the help of a mentor, a master, concludes Oksana Goncharova.
— It is no coincidence that we are currently doing a lot to develop the institute of mentoring. As practice shows, very often those guys who started doing business, found something to their liking, continue their studies in order to advance within their profession. Mastering a working specialty will give such teenagers an impulse to study," the expert emphasizes.
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