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- In double size: the State Duma proposed to change the procedure for calculating insurance and work experience of citizens
In double size: the State Duma proposed to change the procedure for calculating insurance and work experience of citizens
The State Duma proposed to include the period of care for each child until they reach one and a half years in the insurance and work experience of citizens in double the amount. It is expected that the measure will raise the overall level of social and pension provision for parents involved in raising children. The deputies' proposal is aimed at solving the long-standing problem of parents who drop out of working life after the birth of children, experts say. To whom the initiative will be useful, see the Izvestia article.
Social guarantees
The period of care for each child up to the age of one and a half years can begin to be counted in the insurance and work experience in double the amount. This initiative was put forward by deputies of the Fair Russia — For Truth party, and the bill has already been submitted to the State Duma.
The explanatory note to the document notes that the draft federal law was developed to improve the system of legal and social guarantees for parents caring for children. It is expected that the implementation of the new measure will increase the level of protection and support for families raising children.
According to the parliamentarians, the adoption of this initiative will make it possible to ensure that the periods of care for each child up to the age of one and a half years are included in the parents' insurance record in double amounts, and parental leave is also taken into account when calculating the length of service in the specialty. All this will make it possible to recalculate the insurance length of service and the insurance pension of the parents. The authors of the document emphasize that this is especially important for large families.
They also believe that the new norm will raise the overall level of pension and social security for parents involved in raising children, which corresponds to the priorities of the state social policy.
Another area of implementation of the bill is to stimulate the birth rate, increase the attractiveness of family status and improve the demographic situation in the country.
"The implementation of the draft law is in line with strategically significant tasks to develop the institution of the family, create a favorable social environment for children and parents, ensure equality of family and labor rights, as well as strengthen social support for the most vulnerable segments of the population," the explanatory note emphasizes.
It is argued that the new rules for crediting and recalculating seniority will not create additional social risks. On the contrary, they will contribute to the formation of sustainable economic and social guarantees of the state for parents raising children.
The editorial board of Izvestia sent a request to the Social Fund of Russia. No response has been received at the time of publication.
Increasing prestige
The deputies' proposal is aimed at solving the long-standing problem of parents who drop out of working life after the birth of children, says Sean Betrozov, a lawyer at the Moscow Chamber of Lawyers and a member of the Russian Bar Association.
Now, according to him, such periods are counted in the length of service, but in calendar order, which is why many mothers, and sometimes fathers who took parental leave, risk not getting the right number of years of insurance experience to receive a pension.
Today, the minimum insurance length of service for a pension is 15 years, the expert recalls. This is becoming a serious problem for women with multiple children, he said.
— Several periods of care add up, and part of the work biography is excluded from full—fledged accounting, - explains the interlocutor of Izvestia.
Igor Kim, a member of the expert council under the Commissioner for Human Rights, a public figure, supports the proposal to include the period of care for each child up to the age of one and a half years in the insurance and work experience of citizens in double the amount. In his opinion, such a rule is necessary as one of the support measures. It will be especially useful for citizens who devote most of their lives to caring for children.
— Child care is actually the same job, only unpaid. It is important to understand that a mother who has given birth to five children has been staying at home with them for at least 7.5 years of her life. The new norm will help achieve social justice and provide guarantees for future pensions," the expert emphasizes.
The decision to change the procedure for calculating seniority may be another step by the state aimed at increasing the social prestige of motherhood and childhood, said Alexey Nezhivoy, head of the operational headquarters of the independent trade union Novy Trud. The initiative can become one of the tools for solving the demographic problem in Russia.
— Legislators obviously take into account that for many parents, caring for a child means a forced career break. This initiative is an important support measure. She will help citizens with children and make their old age more secure," the Izvestia interlocutor is convinced.
The benefits are primarily noticeable for large families: for example, if today you can get six calendar years of vacation for the fourth child (1.5 years for each child), then according to the new rules it will be 12 years of experience, Betrozov draws attention. At the same time, you must have worked for at least 15 years to receive a pension.
— The norm actually guarantees the fulfillment of the minimum requirements, even with an incomplete work history. Such support strengthens social guarantees and reduces the risk of poverty among older women, who traditionally spend more time with their children," he said.
Taking into account the nuances
To bring the bill into effect, additional expenditures from the federal budget will be needed, warns Igor Kim.
Since social obligations do not arise as a result of the economic activities of citizens and enterprises and not as a result of contributions by employers to the Social Fund of Russia, the responsible burden falls on the budget of the Russian Federation, confirms Alexey Nezhivoy.
For the state, the main difficulty lies in the fact that the expansion of the rules for accounting for seniority will lead to an increase in the number of citizens who will reach the minimum number of years faster and be eligible for retirement, says Sean Betrozov.
— This will not necessarily increase the payments themselves, since the amount of the pension depends on individual pension coefficients, and not only on length of service, but the state will have to provide financing for those who will be eligible for a pension sooner. Budget expenditures will increase in the future," he agrees with the opinion of experts.
In addition, a technical problem arises: old cases will have to be reviewed and pensions already awarded will have to be adjusted if the law is retroactive, the lawyer warns. This will require resources and may cause time delays.
Another risk is related to legal accuracy, the Izvestia interlocutor points out. If the norms are not fully coordinated with the current procedure for calculating coefficients, citizens may have a false expectation that their pension will increase, although in fact only the right to its appointment will change. Therefore, when implementing the initiative, it is necessary to simultaneously clarify the rules for calculating pension coefficients and the procedure for recalculation.
Calculation rules
The pension today is calculated according to the formula: a fixed payment (about 8 thousand rubles) plus the number of accumulated pension points multiplied by the cost of one point, Alexey Nezhivoy reminds. Points are awarded for periods of work, service in the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Federal Penitentiary Service, the army, on maternity leave, and taking into account work and academic experience up to 2002, he clarifies.
To qualify for an insurance pension, a citizen must have at least 15 years of insurance experience, adds Sean Betrozov. The insurance record includes not only work under an employment contract with the payment of insurance premiums, but also certain socially significant periods when a citizen was not working, such as caring for a child.
At the same time, according to Article 256 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, parental leave is counted in the length of service and in the length of work in the specialty, except in cases of early appointment of an old-age insurance pension, explains Igor Kim. The very same period of child care is considered non-insurance.
— It is included in the length of service, but it is limited: no more than one and a half years in each maternity leave and up to six years in total. That is, a maximum of four children can be counted, regardless of how many there are in total," the expert points out.
Thus, today parental labor is taken into account by law, but its value is limited by calendar limits and established limits, Betrozov notes.
"The new draft law is designed to expand this framework and give families more confidence that their contribution to the upbringing of children will be recognized on a par with official employment," the Izvestia interlocutor sums up.
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