The doctor warned about the risk of melanoma in a child due to sunburn

A child's skin is much thinner than an adult's and more vulnerable. She literally "remembers" the damage: even a simple redness received in childhood can turn into a persistent pigment spot in the future. Natalia Mikhailova, PhD, dermatovenerologist, cosmetologist, and creator of the MESALTERA by Dr. Mikhaylova brand of professional cosmeceuticals, told Izvestia on June 18 how to protect a child's skin from the sun.

"The most important rule is to avoid exposure to the sun during the period of its greatest activity, that is, from 11:00 to 16:00. At this time, the sun's rays are especially aggressive and can cause serious harm to sensitive children's skin," the doctor warned.

She explained that ultraviolet light causes the accumulation of micro-injuries and inflammatory reactions in the skin, which can become more serious over time.

Even dark-skinned children are at risk of sunburn. Although their skin does contain more melanin, which provides partial natural protection, this does not mean that protective equipment can be neglected — they may get burns, especially if exposed to the sun for a long time.

"There is an opinion that the risk of melanoma in children is extremely low, but in fact, every severe sunburn received in childhood increases it in the future. Therefore, prevention is especially important. This includes regular use of sunscreens, wearing closed clothes, and avoiding prolonged exposure to the sun," the cosmetologist shared.

As for clothing with UV protection, according to the expert, it is really effective. Such clothes are made of special fabrics with a dense weave of fibers that block the penetration of ultraviolet light. It is especially useful in conditions where the child spends a lot of time outdoors.: on the beach, in the mountains, on a walk. It is important that such clothes are certified and have the UPF (Ultraviolet Protection Factor) marking at least 30, and preferably 50+.

Sunscreen should be adapted specifically for children's skin. The optimal level of protection for children is SPF 50. It is also important to choose products labeled broad spectrum, which means that the cream protects against both UVA and UVB rays. Preference should be given to creams with mineral filters — zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. They act as a screen, reflecting ultraviolet light, do not penetrate the skin and do not cause allergies.

It is necessary to ensure that the child wears a wide-brimmed hat that protects the face and neck, as well as light long-sleeve clothing that protects the skin from direct sunlight.

"Even while bathing, it is worth remembering that the water reflects ultraviolet light, enhancing its effect. Therefore, protection must be permanent, both on land and in water. Make sure that children are not under the scorching sun on the beach, choose areas in the shade," the dermatovenerologist recommended.

Children with chronic skin diseases such as atopic dermatitis require a special approach. In their case, it is especially important to avoid overheating and drying out the skin. It is necessary to choose hypoallergenic sunscreens without perfumes and alcohol, as well as regularly moisturize the skin after sun exposure using pharmacy emollients.

In addition, if a child has received a sunburn, he must be taken to a shade or a cool room and given clean water to drink. The skin can be gently cooled with a cool compress, then a soothing agent can be applied — preferably with panthenol or aloe vera. The doctor warned: do not use greasy creams or oils. It is important not to pierce the blisters and monitor the general condition: if fever or lethargy appear, you should consult a doctor. During the following days, gentle care, moisturizing and complete rejection of repeated exposure to the sun are recommended.

Earlier, on April 16, Natalia Mikhailova, a cosmetologist and creator of the MESALTERA by Dr. Mikhaylova brand of professional cosmeceuticals, told Izvestia that mild cleansers should be used in the warm season — foams, gels or mousses with the addition of acids or enzymes. They effectively dissolve sebum and impurities without damaging the skin.