The doctor named the causes and symptoms of venous thrombosis

Complications of venous thrombosis can lead to disability, and in severe cases, death of patients. Peter Khristenko, an Invitro phlebologist, told Izvestia about the non-obvious symptoms of this condition and its causes on March 21.

"Thrombosis is an intravital coagulation of blood in the lumen of a vessel, which leads to its complete or partial blockage. Venous thrombosis leads to a blockage of the vein. If the blood clot is not destroyed or removed within 24-48 hours, the vein may completely lose its function of collecting and transferring venous blood to the heart," he recalled.

He also noted that thrombophilia, varicose veins of the lower extremities, congenital pathologies, such as Klippel-Trenone syndrome or oncological diseases, can lead to narrowing or complete closure of the veins. The doctor also added that mechanical damage to the veins can provoke these phenomena, in turn: injuries, venous blood collection or compression of the vein, which occurs due to prolonged exposure to one position.

"Blockage of a varicose vein by thrombomass is often local. However, if a patient does not seek medical help in time and does not follow medical recommendations, thrombomas can spread to healthy veins: superficial and deep. And this can already cause their obstruction — phlebothrombosis," Khristenko said.

In patients, according to him, in this case, there are constant pronounced bursting pains in the affected limb, severe swelling, the limb becomes full-blooded, hot. The pain, the doctor added, increases when walking, the patient is restless, it is difficult for him to sit or stand. Only lying down, with the affected limb raised, can bring some relief.

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He stressed that it is with phlebothrombosis that such a dangerous complication of thrombosis as pulmonary embolism is possible. In this case, the patient may complain only of a dry cough, sometimes shortness of breath during exercise and hemoptysis.

The expert noted that if the pulmonary embolism is massive, then reflex cardiac arrest will occur, which threatens sudden death. According to him, in this case, the chances of saving the patient, even if he is taken to a specialized department as soon as possible, are extremely low.

"Segmental deep vein thrombosis is particularly insidious. They are often asymptomatic, and in rare cases may be accompanied by bursting pains in the calf and minor swelling of the shin. With tibial vein thrombosis of the foot, a dry cough may appear, sometimes shortness of breath during exercise and hemoptysis," the doctor said.

According to him, such phlebothrombosis often occurs during air travel and manifests itself two to three weeks after arrival at the place. Also, in addition to air travelers, according to the phlebologist, there are women at risk who receive hormone therapy.

"To minimize the risk of venous thrombosis, it is necessary to lead an active lifestyle, exercise, drink enough fluids during the day, do not abuse alcohol, try not to overheat, wear compression underwear during long trains and flights," he concluded.

On February 6, Andrey Korolkov, a phlebologist at SM Clinic, told Izvestia about the impact of lifestyle on vein health. Due to prolonged sitting and heavy physical labor, the pressure in the veins increases. This, in turn, leads to their stretching and deformation, which over time can cause the expansion of the venous walls. Korolkov clarified that in addition to these factors, the development of varicose veins can be influenced by a genetic predisposition, a sedentary lifestyle, excess weight, hormonal changes, as well as wearing uncomfortable shoes and high heels.