The dermatologist talked about skin care in the spring

With the onset of spring, the skin faces new challenges: temperature fluctuations, increased solar activity, vitamin deficiency after winter. Alexandra Pashkova, a dermatologist at the Semeynaya clinic network, told Izvestia about the adaptation of care on March 20.

She noted the importance of hydration, as after winter, the skin is often dehydrated due to prolonged exposure to low temperatures and dry indoor air.

"Studies show that hyaluronic acid products are effective for maintaining water balance. So, molecules of different sizes penetrate into different layers of the skin, providing long-lasting hydration. In addition, ceramides restore the lipid barrier and prevent moisture loss," she said.

She also noted the effectiveness of panthenol. It has a soothing and regenerating effect. Niacinamide reduces inflammation and improves the barrier function of the skin.

The expert emphasized that the level of ultraviolet radiation increases in the spring, which increases the risk of photoaging and hyperpigmentation. Dermatologists recommend using a sunscreen with an SPF of at least 30 with a wide range of protection (UVA and UVB). She advised applying the product 15-20 minutes before going outside, updating it every two to three hours when exposed to the sun for a long time, and using glasses and hats for additional skin protection.

"In spring, the activity of the sebaceous glands increases, which can lead to clogged pores and inflammation. To maintain the purity of the skin, it is important to use mild cleansers with a pH of 5.5-6.0, so as not to disturb the acid mantle of the skin, avoid aggressive agents (sulfates, alcohol) that can dry out the skin, and also cleanse the skin twice a day: in the morning to remove sebum and night sweats, in the evening — from dirt and makeup residues."- Pashkova added.

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In addition, the dermatologist said, free radicals, unstable molecules that can harm skin cells, are activated in the spring. They can also cause premature aging. For prevention, it is important to include antioxidants in care, the doctor noted. Vitamin C, for example, strengthens blood vessels, fights pigmentation and improves collagen production, while vitamin E enhances the protective functions of the skin and prevents lipid oxidation.

With caution, it is worth using acids and retinol this season. AHA-acids (glycolic, lactic) can be applied once or twice a week in a low concentration (5-10%). BHA-acid (salicylic acid) is suitable for oily and problematic skin, but requires the mandatory use of SPF. Retinol (vitamin A) can make the skin sensitive to the sun. It should be used in the evening in combination with moisturizing ingredients, the expert added.

The health of the skin also depends on the health of the body. Pashkova advised to increase water intake — at least 1.5–2 liters per day, add omega-3 fatty acids to the diet to maintain the barrier functions of the skin, and include more foods with vitamins A, C, and E to protect against the oxidative process.

On March 11, Natalia Mikhailova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, dermatovenerologist, scientific director of MARTINEX, told Izvestia about the causes and methods of preventing age spots in the spring. She explained that the corresponding reaction is provoked by a weakened stratum corneum, which cannot cope with sun protection. The doctor advised people with a tendency to hyperpigmentation to use a cream with SPF 50+ at any time of the year, as even in winter, ultraviolet light reflected from snow can exacerbate the problem.