The doctor talked about the prevention of colorectal cancer

Colorectal cancer is a malignant tumor of the colon. On March 18, Yulia Vakhabova, Candidate of Medical Sciences, clinical oncologist at the European Medical Center (EMC), told Izvestia about how to reduce the risks of its development.

Minimizing the risks of colorectal cancer allows, first of all, a healthy lifestyle, which includes sports 2-3 times a week and a balanced diet, she noted.

"In the diet, it is better to limit the consumption of red and processed meat (sausages, sausages, ham, smoked meat), sweet and foods with a high glycemic index (pastries, sugary carbonated drinks). To prevent colorectal cancer, it is worth making a habit of including fruits, vegetables and whole grains in the diet (quinoa, bulgur, buckwheat, bread and pasta made from whole grain flour)," said Vakhabova.

She stressed that prevention of metabolic disorders such as obesity is necessary to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. If a person is already overweight, you can contact a nutritionist or nutritionist to adjust your diet and eating habits, the doctor advised.

The specialist also recommended that you take a responsible approach to choosing a job, it should not involve contact with toxic substances.

"Among the healthy habits is regular physical activity, which concerns not only sports, but also outdoor walks. In general, it is worth striving for daily activity that combines different types of loads and their intensity. For intestinal health, it is necessary to completely stop smoking tobacco and nicotine-containing devices, and alcohol consumption. It is these bad habits that increase the risk of colorectal cancer," she said.

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Vakhabova recalled that rectal cancer is rare in people under the age of 40, but starting from this age, the risks increase with each subsequent decade.

"Additional risk factors for colorectal cancer include hereditary syndromes (Lynch syndrome, familial adenomatous polyposis, and others), a history of rectal cancer in a first-degree relative (parents, siblings), obesity, metabolic syndrome, liver steatosis associated with metabolic disorders, sedentary lifestyle, consumption of red meat, unhealthy diet, hypertension and hyperlipidemia, alcohol consumption (especially regular)," the expert added.

According to her, some studies point to factors such as changes in the gut microbiome, chronic inflammatory diseases (ulcerative colitis), kidney disease, and exposure to organic dust.

The most common procedures for early colorectal cancer screening are stool donation for latent blood (gFOBT), however, the exact procedures that a person must undergo are determined based on complaints and medical history, the specialist concluded.

On February 17, Nikita Makarov, an oncologist at the SM Clinic, told Izvestia about diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) that increase the risk of cancer. According to the expert, the most common precancerous conditions of the gastrointestinal tract in Russians who have an increased risk of degeneration into cancer are stomach ulcers, polyps and chronic gastritis.