History in digital: Izvestia's archive of issues from 1917 is available on the Web
The archive of Izvestia newspaper, starting from the first issue of February 28 (March 13), 1917, has become available in digital form and with smart search. Neural networks processed more than 30 thousand issues - now users can browse through the unique collection of one of the oldest publications in Russia and find historical information in it as quickly as by a regular Internet query. This large-scale joint project of Izvestia, the National Electronic Library and Yandex is timed to coincide with the upcoming 108th anniversary of the newspaper. It was launched simultaneously with another special project of Izvestia - "80 Days to Victory" dedicated to the anniversary of the Great Victory.
Izvestia Digital Archive
On February 19, digitized issues of Izvestia from the first issue of 1917 to the present day were made freely available on the Internet. Yandex technologies have recognized and processed the texts of Izvestia issues for more than 100 years. Thanks to this, all issues of the newspaper can now be found in an electronic archive.
- Izvestia newspaper is a chronicle of events that took place in the country and in the world for more than 100 years, " said Sergei Koroteev, Editor-in-Chief of modern Izvestia. - Now this invaluable information will be available not only to professionals working with archives, but also to any person interested in the history of our country.
Now you can read Izvestia from a century ago without leaving home - just follow the link.
The digital archive is easy to navigate - the newspaper issues are broken down by year, the issues contain not only a visual scan of each page, but additionally all the texts of the notes, which makes it possible to search for the necessary information.
For example, the first issue of the newspaper, published on February 28, 1917, contains the address "To the population of Petrograd and Russia. From the Soviet of Workers' Deputies", the manifesto of the "Russian Social Democratic Workers' Party to All Citizens of Russia" and a number of other important documents. The issue is printed in pre-reform orthography.
Days to the Great Victory
Every day, starting February 19, the IZ.RU website and the newspaper's pages will publish materials based on archival publications of Izvestia in 1945.
These will not be verbatim reprints of historical notes - the publications will be written in a modern style based on the most vivid events that preceded the Great Victory. In these days "Izvestia" wrote about the last victorious steps of our army and its advance to the west, to Berlin.
The materials are designed for a wide modern audience, and those who wish to read the original can follow the hyperlink to the digitized archive published in "Yandex". There you can find articles, notes and war reports that were published in 1945.
This year Izvestia celebrates its 108th anniversary, all these years the publication has been published daily. Like on May 9, 1945, when the issue was printed with a red headline on the front page. Since there was no color printing at that time, such "red" news always stood out very much, said Tatyana Kireeva, editor of the Izvestia archive. In those years the news about epochal events in the country, which turned the course of history, were printed in red font. Such events were the Great Victory, and later, for example, the flight into space of Yuri Gagarin.
Photographer Pavel Troshkin was a favorite friend of writer Konstantin Simonov
- With the beginning of the war the newspaper switched to the military mode of work, there were only three departments - front, home front and foreign department - said Tatiana Kireeva. - In the old editorial office building on Pushkinskaya Street, on the sixth floor, a barracks with bunk beds was built. There lived a fighting group of war correspondents-vestinets, from there they traveled to the front. They were writers Eugene Krieger, Leonid Kudrevatykh, Alexander Kuznetsov, as well as photographers Pavel Troshkin, Dmitry Baltermants, Georgy Zelma, Mikhail Grachev, Nikolai Petrov, Dmitry Debabov.
All their publications and photos can now be viewed in Izvestia's digital archive. For example, according to Evgeny Krieger's memoirs, in the fall of 1941 the Germans came very close to Moscow, and journalists almost went to the front by streetcar. They traveled by tram to the final stop, and then took the tram to the line of contact. The rest of the editorial staff was evacuated to Kuibyshev (Samara) to ensure uninterrupted publication of the newspaper.
From the Izvestiya publishing complex240 people were mobilized to the front, 38 editorial staff worked in combat mode. The newspaper's writing correspondents Alexander Kuznetsov, Mikhail Suvinsky and Sergei Galyshev, as well as photographer Pavel Troshkin died in the war.
Photographer Pavel Troshkin is a friend of writer Konstantin Simonov (right)
The story of Troshkin's touching friendship with the famous Soviet writer Konstantin Simonov has been preserved on newspaper pages and in his memoirs. In the first war summer they often went on joint business trips.
Simonov considered the photographer desperately brave, respected him greatly, and after Troshkin's death, he took touching care of his family, said the editor of the archive.
When the Soviet army was retreating in the first months of the war, journalists had the responsibility to be not just chroniclers of events, but to emotionally support the country, prevent panic, and instill hope for victory. In this sense, the photo of broken German tanks, which Pavel Troshkin took near Mogilev, was indicative.
- Troshkin managed to shoot a large panorama of the broken tanks, and this photo was unfolded across the entire width of the strip, the entire "basement", - said Tatiana Kireeva. - It went down in history as the first publication in Russian military journalism of large-scale destruction of the enemy.
In the novel "The Living and the Dead" by Konstantin Simonov there is a character Mishka the photo correspondent. His prototype served as a prototype and Pavel Troshkin. In one of the chapters, the writer describes Troshkin's sortie near Mogilev, when he crawled across a field shot from all sides to take those very historical shots.
"Krasnaya Zvezda" correspondent Konstantin Simonov
Another vivid episode from Troshkin's biography is when in 1941 he rushed to shoot downed German pilots, and he was taken for a saboteur and arrested.
- When he was put with the Germans in one car to take him to headquarters, he begged to be taken separately. "Not with them!" - he said. It cost Simonov a lot of labor to release him then," the archivist said.
Troshkin went through three wars - Khalkhin-Gol (fighting between the USSR and Japan), Soviet-Finnish and the Great Patriotic War. The photographer died in October 1944 in Ukraine near Ivano-Frankivsk.
- He had filmed, and he had to urgently take the negatives for publication, and he chose, unfortunately, not a safe long road, but a shorter one and drove through the forest. There he got into a firefight with the Banderites and died like a warrior, with a machine gun in his hands," said Tatyana Kireeva.
Cartoonist Boris Yefimov - Hitler's personal enemy
Another legendary Izvestin, whose works can now be found on the Internet, is newspaper cartoonist Boris Efimov. His caricatures of the Nazis were therapeutic for the warring country, they were awaited both in the rear and at the front. Soldiers loved Efimov very much, wrote him letters full of gratitude, shared ideas for caricature plots, redrew them, cut them out and put them in their uniform pockets, passed them from hand to hand.
Cartoonist Boris Efimov
Thanks to his drawings, the monstrous man-hating machine of the Third Reich ceased to inspire fear. He made the terrible pathetic and ridiculous, which made his drawings infuriate Hitler and the entire German top brass. Efimov was included in the list of Hitler's personal enemies, whom the Nazis planned to hang immediately after entering Moscow.
Cartoon by Boris Efimov
Joseph Stalin gave his drawings to Winston Churchill when he visited Moscow in 1943. Efimov was also among the artists who worked on the Nuremberg Trials, drawing cartoon portraits of the defendants.
Boris Efimov lived 108 years and entered the Guinness Book of Records as the world's oldest cartoonist.
Переведено сервисом «Яндекс Переводчик»
