How to behave properly in case of fire in a movie theater or shopping mall

It is necessary to know the rules of behavior in case of fire in a public place in order to take the necessary actions in time to save your health and, in some cases, your life. Izvestia tells us how to behave in case of a fire in a movie theater, museum or shopping center.

Possible causes and signs of fire

Fire is not always detected immediately. Most often the fire starts with a small flame, which appears as a result of heating or smoldering of combustible objects. A fire can occur due to faulty wiring, short circuits, careless handling of electrical appliances, violation of fire safety rules, or in the event of arson or an act of terrorism.

Each fire is assigned a different degree depending on the danger. The first and second degrees are small fires that can be extinguished with improvised means. The third and fourth degrees mean that the fire cannot be extinguished by your own forces and you need to call the fire department. The fifth and sixth degrees are the most complex fires, which can affect not only the building, but also people.

A fire can be identified by a number of characteristic signs: the smell of smoke and burning, power failure and, finally, the sound of a fire siren. This means that the building must be left immediately.

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Rules of behavior in case of fire in a public place

Every organization has employees responsible for fire safety. They are instructed and in case of fire must organize extinguishing or safe evacuation of visitors. But also everyone when visiting museums, theaters, shopping centers and other public places does not hurt to know the escape routes in advance.

Any of these buildings should have an evacuation plan, special illuminated plafonds and green stickers with a running man. When evacuating on your own, you should be guided by these signs. It is strictly forbidden to use elevators, as electricity is cut off during firefighting.

You can only go down the stairs. Getting through the smoke in the dark, you should hold on to the walls and handrails, breathing through a handkerchief or sleeve. It is also important to consider that smoke accumulates in the upper part of the room. To avoid inhaling the products of combustion, it is necessary to bend as close to the floor as possible.

If the fire has cut off the way to the exit, it is necessary to retreat to a room where the smoke is less, but not climbing to higher floors, and try to attract attention. For example, through a window or balcony. If there are none, you need to give signs of life in all possible ways to make it easier for firefighters to locate the location.

In an organized evacuation, it is important to follow directions clearly, acting collected, without panic, helping children and the elderly if possible. Running and trying to squeeze forward is not a good idea, as there is a risk of tripping and being run over by the crowd. It is better to trust the firefighters and calmly make your way to the emergency exit.

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First aid in case of fire

Together with firefighters, ambulances always arrive at the scene of a fire. Victims with severe burns, injuries and carbon monoxide poisoning are taken to medical facilities. For milder symptoms, first aid can be provided on your own.

Often after evacuation from a smoke-filled room, weakness, headache, reddening of mucous membranes and skin, increased heartbeat are manifested. Loss of consciousness is also possible. The victim with such symptoms should be taken out into fresh air, unbutton his clothes, restore the patency of the respiratory tract, making sure that the tongue is not swollen, and give a sniff of absorbent cotton with ammonia.

If the burn is not severe, the damaged skin area should be placed under cold water for 10-15 minutes, or ice. When the pain is severe, it is necessary to give painkillers and consult a doctor. In addition, it is recommended to drink more water. It is desirable to choose mineral water and oxygen cocktails.

Earlier "Izvestia" wrote that 15 people were injured in a fire in a shopping center in Vitebsk.