Russia currently lacks about 1.5 million workers, and by 2030 the shortage of personnel will increase to 2 million people. Svetlana Chupsheva, Director General of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives, stated this in an interview with Izvestia. According to her, to fill the deficit it is necessary to apply professional retraining programs, increase labor productivity and improve migration policy. For example, under the program of humanitarian support for foreigners from unfriendly countries that support Russian values, more than 200 people have already arrived in the country. In addition, Svetlana Chupsheva spoke about plans to develop Russia's new inland sea - the Sea of Azov.
"It is necessary to solve issues with the adaptation of foreign workers"
- Today there is a shortage of workers in many sectors of the economy. According to your estimates, how acute is it? How many specialists are missing and how can this situation be remedied?
- The unemployment rate is at a historical minimum - according to Rosstat, in November it amounted to 2.3%. If we talk about the deficit, the shortage of personnel in Russia is about 1.5 million people. At the same time, according to the forecasts of the Ministry of Economic Development, the demand for employees will grow until 2030, the average annual demand for personnel will amount to about 73 million people, and the shortage of personnel will reach 2 million.
- How can the issue of personnel for the economy be solved?
- First of all, we need to expand opportunities for training and retraining specialists to meet the needs of the economy.
The second thing is to increase labor productivity. The government had a separate national project "Labor Productivity", from 2025 it will become part of the national project "Efficient and Competitive Economy". It will retain the important task of increasing labor productivity in all spheres of economic activity.
Robotization will also help to solve the issue of staff shortages and productivity. The Ministry of Industry and Trade of Russia has developed a national project "Means of production and automation".
The third direction is a competent migration policy. It is important for us to determine which foreign specialists are needed - qualified, highly qualified - and in which sectors of the economy. Employers who attract migrant workers must be responsible for them and provide them with migration and post-migration support.
It is necessary to solve the issues of illegal migration, adaptation and socialization of incoming foreign workers. This is the direction in which we are moving now - the Agency has an assignment in terms of highly skilled and value migration.
- What can we offer highly qualified foreign specialists? What are the ways to attract them to the country?
- In the summer, the President signed the relevant decree No. 702 "On Providing Humanitarian Support to Persons Sharing Traditional Russian Spiritual and Moral Values". It is the starting point for comprehensive changes in legislation aimed at attracting to our country people who are necessary for the state and society both from a value point of view and from the point of view of their high potential for the development of the economy, science, culture and other branches of social life. To date, more than 200 people who share our traditional values, including highly qualified specialists, have already arrived in Russia - they have received temporary residence permits (RVP).
Among the foreigners who have received residence permits and Russian citizenship are qualified specialists, investors, entrepreneurs, scientists, musicians, and athletes. They have different geography - Americans, Italians, Germans, French. They themselves note that they feel very comfortable in Russia - some have gotten married here, and some have moved their families here. They like Russian culture, opportunities for realization, and a comfortable and safe living environment.
Together with the Ministry of Internal Affairs, we have created a headquarters to support the relocation and adaptation of so-called immigrants (foreign citizens who are talented students, scientists, highly qualified specialists, entrepreneurs, representatives of creative professions, who share traditional Russian values and wish to move to Russia permanently. - Ed.) to Russia. We plan to launch a service called "Time to Live in Russia", which will provide information about our country, culture, traditions and regions. Migration and post-migration support will also be available.
"The tourism potential of the Azov region is 15-20 million people annually"
- The Agency for Strategic Initiatives is now working on a project for the development of a new macro-region - the Azov region. What is its value, including for the new regions of Russia?
- Our task is to ensure that the standard of living of people living in the annexed territories is the same as the average standard of living in the country. For this purpose, we have been working out a strategy for the development of the Azov macro-region, which includes Crimea, Krasnodar Krai, Rostov Oblast, Zaporizhzhya Oblast, Donetsk Oblast, Luhansk Oblast, and Kherson Oblast.
Under the new conditions, the Sea of Azov has become not just an inland sea of Russia, but a sea of new opportunities. Its unique natural conditions with the development of modern tourist and recreational infrastructure will help it become a center of family and children's recreation and health improvement.
In the strategy we have staked on the development of the tourism industry, agriculture, revival of fishery. After all, once it was the sea, which gave about 5% of the sturgeon catch and black caviar production in the world. But due to problems, including environmental ones, its productivity has seriously decreased.
The strategy for the development of the Azov region until 2040 is aimed at improving the environmental situation in the macro-region.
As a result of the strategy implementation, the efficiency of water use will be improved and its level will be brought to the average for the Russian Federation. The level of quality drinking water supply will also reach the average Russian level, and the volume of polluted wastewater discharge into the Sea of Azov will be reduced by 70%. More than 700 kilometers of river beds in the Azov Sea basin will be cleaned and their ecological rehabilitation will be carried out.
The strategy is aimed at ensuring that by 2040 there are no cities with "high" and "very high" air pollution levels left in the Azov coastal area, as well as at least 90% of contaminated land will be reclaimed and returned to economic turnover, and all hazardous objects of accumulated environmental damage will be eliminated.
On the territory of the Azov coast (coastal administrative-territorial formations) there are more than 2 thousand accommodation facilities with a total capacity of about 500 thousand places, including 392 thousand places - on the territory of the regions that became part of the Russian Federation.
Thanks to the creation of modern transport, communal, recreational and other types of infrastructure, the tourist flow, including excursions, in the coastal administrative-territorial formations can increase to 11-12 million people by 2030 and to 15-16 million people by 2040.
The strategy contains a specific plan of measures that are included in the new federal programs and national projects. This is a huge amount of work that must be done by both the government and the subjects. Of course, we need to attract investments, entrepreneurs, who together with the state, together with the subjects will be ready to develop new territories and new projects.
Natalia Ilyina, Olga Anasieva, Marina Kravtsova, Natalia Kotlyarova participated in the preparation of the material.
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