A meter queue: it will become easier for orphans to get housing
The Russian Government wants to simplify the procedure for including orphans and those left without parental care in the list for housing. Those in need of square meters will only need to submit an application. In Russia, as of November 2024, the number of people on the waiting list is still high - 185.6 thousand people. Arrears in providing orphans with housing remain in more than 70 regions. According to experts, one of the problems is that sometimes the premises are provided in locations far from educational institutions and work. Details - in the material "Izvestia".
How the queue for housing for orphans moves.
According to the Unified State Social Security System (USSSS), the number of orphans to be provided with housing in November 2024 amounted to 185.6 thousand people, of whom 74.5 thousand people have reached the age of 23. According to the Accounts Chamber, over the past few years, the arrears of housing for orphans have significantly decreased in the Kemerovo, Saratov, Tambov, Novosibirsk regions, the Chuvash Republic, and Krasnoyarsk Krai. The arrears are increasing in the Transbaikal and Perm Krais, the Sverdlovsk Oblast, and the Republic of Tyva.
In the past year, the Tyumen, Tambov and Belgorod Regions are considered to be the most successful in solving the issue of providing housing for orphans. These regions have fully contracted the funds of the national project "Housing and Urban Environment" for the purchase of housing for orphans. But so far, according to sources in the Ministry of Construction, things are not going well in many regions.
In light of this, the Ministry of Education proposes to simplify the registration of orphans in need of housing and reduce everything to a simple application.
- We have been asking for this measure for a long time, and I am sure that there will be a real breakthrough in the paperwork for orphans to receive housing," Irina Borovova, a member of the Presidential Council for Human Rights and Development of Civil Society, told Izvestia. - The nonsense was, for example, that they had to provide the guardianship with documents they already had. This was time-consuming and complicated: say, a child lives in one region, is registered in another, etc.
To be included in the list, a citizen submits only an application; the documents are requested by the authorized body from other agencies or are included in the package of documents to be formed from the existing personal file of the minor under guardianship.
The press service of the Ministry of Education did not provide additional information at the request of Izvestia. The media department of the Ministry of Finance explained that the issue of providing orphans with housing falls within the authority of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation. At the same time, the regions provide funding on their own.
- In addition, we note that the annual provision of subsidies to the budgets of the subjects of the Russian Federation from the federal budget in the amount of 10 billion rubles to co-finance the costs of providing housing for orphans, - said in the Ministry of Finance.
Deputy Minister of Construction and Housing of the Russian Federation Nikita Stasishin told Izvestia that now the solution of the housing problem of orphans and those left without parental care is under special control of the country's leadership - "there are direct instructions from the president and the government.
- Our main task is to prevent inefficient use of funds," Stasishin said. - This is a big and important work, but the queue is shrinking, the process is becoming faster, more convenient and transparent.
How the regions help orphans with housing
The Kuzbass government administration told Izvestia that "when providing housing to orphans, priority is given to apartments in houses under construction, which allows citizens to receive modern, comfortable and safe premises".
The Head of Chuvashia Oleg Nikolaev noted that in fact the situation with the provision of housing is problematic - over the years a rather solid queue has been created.
- In particular, in the Chuvash Republic today 1236 orphans have the right to receive housing. In the next few years, another 540 orphans who have not reached the age of majority will be eligible for apartments. I must say that the situation a few years ago was much worse - the numbers were bigger," admitted the governor.
According to him, simply allocating money will not solve the problem - there is no housing on the market in the required amount.
- That is why we have been working quite closely with the builders, we have drawn up a corresponding schedule, according to which we must provide housing for children, - said the Governor.
He explained that, for example, his region provides not ready-made housing, but a housing certificate. And this, according to him, turned out to be a very relevant tool, because many orphans, who are legally called as such, are actually families with one, two or even three children. And it is obvious that a one-room apartment, which they are entitled to by law, of course, will not solve the housing problem, says Nikolaev. But the housing certificate can be used to improve conditions, and most importantly - to buy an apartment in a place where it is convenient, said the governor.
Andrei Shirokov, chairman of the commission in the Public Council under the Ministry of Construction of the Russian Federation on control over the allocation of housing to orphans, added that in reality the situation varies from region to region and depends on the co-financing of such programs.
- Much depends on the construction of apartment buildings, and how the subject works with developers, - adds Shirokov. - Housing is also purchased on the secondary market, but it is of poor quality and is being renovated for orphans. The problem arises in terms of employment, as housing is provided in places far from educational institutions and work.
He noted positive developments in the Ryazan, Saratov and Volgograd regions, and in Moscow, but the problem is mostly "hanging" in all the subjects.
The situation as it is
Pavel Denisov, a lawyer of the Volunteers for Orphans charitable foundation and head of the Center for Legal Assistance to Orphans, notes that the concept of a queue and waiting list should have been out of circulation since 2013, when changes were made to the procedure and procedure for providing housing to orphans and children left without parental care. The fact that the list does not imply the formation of a queue, recognized repeatedly and the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation in its determinations.
- The arrears are indeed present and quite substantial, and in some regions simply appalling, - says Pavel Denisov. - And it is based not only on insufficient financing, but also on the lack of construction and availability of vacant housing at the disposal of regions and municipalities. At the same time, the introduction of an alternative way of realizing housing rights - a certificate - will not solve the problem as such, because funds for certificates are also allocated from the federal and regional budgets.
Dmitry Osyanin, associate professor of the basic department of financial control, analysis and audit of the Main Control Department of Moscow Plekhanov Russian Economic University, explained that many of the orphans live in orphanages or boarding schools. And so far, in order to receive an apartment, they must apply to a specialized institution and provide the necessary documents, including a birth certificate, an ID card, and a certificate of eligibility for housing.
Sergei Rybalchenko, Chairman of the Russian OP Commission on Demography, Protection of Family, Children and Traditional Family Values, notes that, despite the increase in funding for regional programs, the problem is far from being fully solved. And even if last year's rates of provision are maintained, the waiting time in the queue for orphans to receive their own housing will be at least five years on average. In some regions this will happen faster, but according to the report, there are not many best performers, and in most subjects the waiting time will be longer. Therefore, this problem cannot be solved without federal intervention, concludes the OP expert.
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