A cardiologist has named the causes of sleepwalking

Lunacy, also known as somnambulism, is a condition in which a person performs complex actions while asleep. It occurs most often in children, but can also occur in adults, said Natalia Zolotareva, a cardiologist and somnologist at SM-Clinica. She told "Izvestia" on November 22 about the causes of its occurrence.

According to the expert, the causes of sleepwalking are not sufficiently studied, but several factors contributing to its development can be identified. Thus, according to studies, sleepwalking is often genetically transmitted. If one of the parents suffered from it, the probability that the child will also be subject to such episodes is much higher.

In addition, stress and emotional strain also have an impact.

"Various situations such as exams, problems in the family or at work, causing emotional overstrain, contribute to the disruption of the normal sleep cycle, which can lead to symptoms of sleepwalking," explained the doctor.

Another important factor is lack of sleep. When the body does not get enough rest, it tries to compensate for this at the expense of deep sleep phases, in which more often and somnambulism occurs, clarified the cardiologist.

"Taking certain medications, especially those that affect the central nervous system, can cause episodes of sleepwalking. Alcohol and drugs, disrupting the normal sleep cycle, can also cause the appearance of sleepwalking states. Alcohol intoxication especially often leads to increased frequency of attacks in people prone to this disorder," Zolotareva added.

In addition, somnambulism can be provoked by conditions such as sleep apnea, restless legs syndrome and other sleep disorders.

"Although sleepwalking itself is not a dangerous independent disease, it is a symptom that indicates the presence of health or psychological problems. People who suffer from it may be at risk of injuring themselves or others. Therefore, it is important, when episodes of sleepwalking appear, to consult a doctor for diagnosis and selection of adequate treatment," the expert said.

In this case, the treatment is aimed at eliminating the main causes of somnambulism and improving the quality of sleep. It also includes drug treatment and correction of medication. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe sleeping pills to improve sleep quality. If associated with depression or anxiety, taking antidepressants may be effective. If the seizures are associated with epileptic activity, anticonvulsant medications may be used for control. If sleepwalking is caused by taking any medication, the doctor may reconsider the dosage or replace the medication with one that has less effect on sleep, Zolotareva explained.

Cognitive behavioral therapy may also be used to change negative thoughts and behavioral patterns that may contribute to sleepwalking. In addition, hypnotic sessions can help the patient change subconscious attitudes associated with somnambulism and improve control over their actions during sleep.

Lifestyle changes and sleep habits are important in the treatment process. For example, a regular sleep schedule helps stabilize sleep-wake cycles, the doctor said. In this case, the bedroom should be quiet, dark and cool. It is possible to use earplugs, sleep masks and blackout curtains. The practice of relaxation, meditation, yoga or breathing exercises also reduce stress levels and improve the quality of rest.

However, alcohol consumption before bedtime should be avoided. It is worth limiting caffeine intake, especially after 4 pm. And it is necessary to create a safe environment in the bedroom, remove sharp objects and close windows and doors at night, said the cardiologist. She recommended regular physical activity, but avoiding strenuous exercise two hours before bedtime, she said

"The choice of treatment method for sleepwalking is selected individually. It is important to consult with a sleep specialist to determine the most appropriate approach. In most cases, a combination of lifestyle changes, medication and psychotherapeutic methods gives the best results," Zolotareva concluded.

Earlier, on November 16, neurologist and somnologist at the European Medical Center (EMC) Nikolai Ilyin told Izvestia that, according to the results of scientific research, reading before bedtime can improve its quality. A chapter of your favorite book in bed helps to reduce stress, like meditation or yoga.