November 21 - St. Michael's Day: history and traditions of the holiday, folk omens

On November 21, the Church celebrates the Sobor of Archangel Michael and other Celestial Forces incorporeal. This important holiday for Christians was established in honor of Archangel Michael, one of the most revered heavenly protectors in Orthodoxy. In popular tradition, it is called Michael's Day. In 2024, the celebrations will be held on Thursday. About what traditions, customs and prohibitions are associated with this day, tell "Izvestia".

History of St. Michael's Day, celebrated on November 21

Archangel Michael occupies a special place among the angels as the leader of the Lord's host. Since ancient times he is considered the patron saint of warriors, a helper in the fight against dark forces and a protector against all evil. In addition, the archangel is attributed the role of the judge at the Last Judgment, in connection with which he became honored as the protector of the souls of the dead.

On the icons of Archangel Michael is often depicted with a sword or spear, which emphasizes his high status in the celestial hierarchy. Such an image was fixed for him after his victory over the fallen spirits who rebelled against the Lord.

According to legend, having created the angels, the Lord appointed an angel named Dennitsa as their chief. But after a while he became proud of his position and planned a rebellion against the Creator. Michael urged the apostates to come to their senses, but in vain. Then he led the battle with Dennitsa, defeating his army.

Later in honor of this event there was a church holiday, which began to be celebrated in the early IV century. In Russia, the cult of Michael became especially popular from the X century. He was honored as the patron saint of princes and princely retinues. The image of the archangel appeared on coins and coats of arms of Old Russian cities, churches and temples were erected in his honor. One of the cathedrals in honor of St. Michael the Archangel, the Archangel Cathedral, is located in the Moscow Kremlin. It used to serve as a burial vault for Russian monarchs.

Traditions, customs and omens of St. Michael's Day

In Russia, the holiday of the Cathedral of the Archistratigist Michael was especially favorite among the people. With him there are many traditions and rituals that have survived to our days.

In the olden days it was believed that on Michaelmas Day the archangel binds the earth with snow and ice, which symbolized the beginning of winter. Therefore, by this day they tried to finish all preparations for cold weather: to insulate the huts, clear the barns and make preparations for winter.

Since the strict Christmas fast was about to begin, the peasants set a generous table on the holiday, cooking as many different dishes as possible. Traditionally, it included cold beef or pork, freshly brewed beer, called Mikhailovsky, pickles and other appetizers. It was believed that the richer the table, the more satisfied Michael was.

Neighbors and passers-by were invited to the table. They did not forget about the treats and the keeper of the house - the housekeeper. To make him favor the owners in the cold season and take care of the livestock, near the stove or in the stable left a part of the food, saying kind words to him. Sometimes there were separate rituals to protect the family and the house.

Special attention was paid to weather omens. If the day was cloudless and clear, they expected crackling frost. Frost in the morning heralded a snowy winter. And the snowfall, which began on Michaelmas Day, meant that the snow would stay until Easter.

What can and cannot be done on St. Michael's Day on November 21

In the morning, believers usually go to the festive service, which is held in all churches of the country. In the church, candles are lit and prayers are addressed to Archangel Michael. The heavenly patron is prayed to for protection from enemies, natural disasters, various diseases and ailments. But since the Archangel's main mission is to fight for the souls of people and lead them to the Lord, he is also asked to protect them from the devil's wiles and temptations.

As in other major church holidays, on this day it is forbidden to swear, swear, indulge in discouragement and allow bad thoughts. It is necessary to show mercy to others, paying attention to those who need help. Good deeds on this date are especially important.

There are also a number of prohibitions that have been established in the people since ancient times. For example, it is believed that on St. Michael's Day you can not wash your head and cut your hair, so as not to lose your health and clarity of mind. Another prohibition is related to the provision of self-serving help. Our ancestors believed that this could bring the wrath of St. Michael upon themselves.

In addition, you should not tell about your dreams, so as not to bring trouble, and should be careful with sharp objects. The same prohibition applies to items for needlework. Therefore, from sewing, knitting and other similar activities on this day it is better to refuse.

A day earlier in Russia celebrated Fedotov Day. "Izvestia" told about the traditions of this folk-Christian holiday.