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- Heritage of the nation: business will receive preferential loans for restoration of ancient monuments
Heritage of the nation: business will receive preferential loans for restoration of ancient monuments
A program of granting soft loans to entrepreneurs for the restoration of cultural heritage objects will be launched in Russia. This decision will make it possible in the coming years to preserve many objects of cultural heritage which are now in unsatisfactory condition, Mikhail Mishustin said. More than 50 billion rubles will be allocated for its implementation until 2030. Investors will be given loans at a preferential rate to reduce their expenses on restoration work. Some sources report that the rate may be higher than 14%, that is, "higher than expected". Details - in the material "Izvestia".
Preferential restoration
In Russia, according to the government office, there are more than 156 thousand objects of cultural heritage (OCN), more than 27 thousand of them are in poor condition. The government has been instructed by the President of the country to develop a mechanism to support investors involved in the preservation of buildings. The detailed parameters of the program will be announced in the near future, sources close to the government said.
House of architect Sergey Goncharov in Trekhprudny Pereulok, recognized as a revealed object of cultural heritage
As "Izvestia" was told in the press service of the Cabinet of Ministers, soft loans will be given within the framework of the pilot project of the long-term program for the preservation of OKN, which was launched in the Trans-Baikal Territory, Nizhny Novgorod, Novgorod, Ryazan, Samara, Smolensk, Tver and Yaroslavl regions. The banks will be compensated for the shortfall in income from the preferential rate by the government through subsidies from the federal budget. Besides, there will be a possibility of additional reduction of the preferential rate at the expense of regional and local budgets.
- The spread of this program is planned for all regions to bring at least 1000 OKN in a satisfactory condition, - reported "Izvestia" in the press service of the Ministry of Culture of Russia.
When receiving a soft loan for works on restoration of objects, the investor will be obliged to bring the structure to a satisfactory condition. In case of non-fulfillment of these conditions, the preferential crediting will be terminated and the terms of repayment of credit funds will be determined by the bank, explained in the Ministry of Culture.
After the restoration of historical buildings, investors will be able to become their rightful owners if they continue to fulfill their obligations to preserve the country's cultural heritage, the government press service emphasized.
In Dom.RF "Izvestia" reported that the terms of preferential lending under the program for the preservation of OKN will be approved by the end of this year. They will be "lower than market rates, at which you can take a loan in the bank".
- Buildings "with history" in tourist centers of cities are steadily in demand by business, - says the director of the division "State programs in the housing sector" Dom.RF Vitaly Nasonov. - They open hotels, restaurants and cafes with national cuisine, shopping galleries. And the better the preservation of the building and more authenticity, the stronger the interest of tourists to such objects.
We are talking about buildings in historic city centers, urban and country estates. The fact is that business is interested in restoring, as a rule, those objects that are in a convenient location and suitable for further modern use. It is easier to find investors for small buildings. But there is still a segment of historical estates. As a rule, they are located outside the city and consist of several buildings. Although investors can find investors for such objects as well: now there are country hotels and vacation homes, and various events are held there, Nasonov notes.
Results of comprehensive restoration of the old stables of the Tatarnikov estate in Bolshoy Drovyaniy Lane
Since such an object has a protected status, it cannot be demolished or completely rebuilt, it is necessary to preserve and restore the structure. Additional barriers to the use of the building will not be introduced, promised in Dom.RF. With regard to religious objects there is a restriction in terms of their further use, so such objects will not fall under the program.
Successful examples
Such preferential loans will definitely be in demand among entrepreneurs, but only if the rate is really preferential, i.e. noticeably lower than the current rate, emphasizes Georgy Rybakov, General Director of the Federal Center for Historical, Cultural and Artistic Expertise.
- The main motivation for business to restore a monument is to reduce the financial burden - both in the process of its restoration and during its further use," he points out. - The only thing that is surprising when studying the list of Russian regions included in the list of pilot projects is that it did not include the regions of the Russian North - the Vologda and Arkhangelsk Regions, which seem to have an inexhaustible supply of cultural heritage objects.
Ilya Mashkov, vice-president of the Union of Moscow Architects and co-founder of the architectural bureau Maisonproekt, explains that business will first of all start to revive "buildings in which it is possible to work" - small mansions and old industrial buildings.
- There are many examples of such restoration," says architect Ilya Mashkov. - Starting from factories ("Red October", "Arma", "Flacon") to mansions that have become front offices of large companies. For example, our colleagues, the Krupny Plan architectural bureau, bought one of the buildings of the Alekseevskaya pumping station from Moscow, and the result was a beautiful office.
Another segment is the transformation of old buildings into lofts, workshops, and sometimes the return of buildings to their original purpose, continues the expert. For example, the famous commune house on Barrikadnaya Street was recently completely restored by architect Alexei Ginzburg according to the drawings of his grandfather, the author of the building. And the investor was interested in getting a complex of unusual apartments in the center of Moscow, said Mashkov.
Tatyana Vashchenko, Deputy Director of RRG Strategic Consulting Department, explains that cultural heritage objects have recently become an important element of redevelopment. The trend for their preservation is developing in several directions. These can be: creative clusters - examples of such projects in Moscow are Winzavod, Art Play; business parks - such spaces are formed on the basis of historical buildings ("Stanislavsky Factory", "Novospassky"), residential formats - examples are loft complexes or apartments (The Loft, Studio 8).
Such projects are developing in several ways. One of them is multifunctionality. Recently, there have been interesting cases of including cultural heritage objects in residential complexes. This is when residential developers get cultural heritage objects at their disposal, which become part of the general urban infrastructure. Examples: Lucky, "Badaevsky", Republic.
In these projects, the cultural heritage objects are reinterpreted not as a separate cluster, but begin to interact with modern housing developments, such as high-rise towers, forming interesting urban spaces, Vashchenko noted.
Preferential option
Leonid Bandorin, Chairman of the Committee on Administrative Procedures in Construction of the National Association of Builders (NOSTROY), believes that the success of the idea depends on what conditions will be prescribed in the program. The "Ruble per meter" project has been operating in Moscow and St. Petersburg for more than five years. Its conditions are as follows: the lease is for 49 years, the first seven years the entrepreneur restores and pays rent at the market rate, and if he managed to complete the restoration, then 42 years later he pays a ruble per meter. Not everyone is ready to incur such huge expenses for seven years for the sake of free use sometime later, the expert notes.
Count Orlov's Grotto, recognized as an object of cultural heritage of federal significance
- Other cities with less investment capacity need more attractive conditions: benefits in the form of interest-free loans at once and, perhaps, the opportunity to privatize at once, - says Bandorin. - Dom.RF sells historical objects. But in the pilot regions there should be a large option of favorable conditions.
In the project organization "GSK-Stroy" point out that at the moment in the work with OKN there are risks that "the break-even point of the project may come later than the moment of loan repayment". Therefore, of course, with a lower interest rate it will be easier to service the loan, which will allow the investment project to reach the profitability threshold earlier.
- In most cases, objects of cultural heritage are buildings with established engineering infrastructure, existing connections to the street network, transport accessibility, proximity to the business and cultural center of the city, - say in "GSK-Stroy". - Accordingly, there is a prospect of getting more profit.
Object of cultural heritage - A.Y. Merkel's profitable house built in 1912 - after restoration
Nina Shangina, Chairperson of the Council of the St. Petersburg Union of Restorers, warns that specific changes are needed to adapt OKN for modern use: simplification of legislation and strengthening of control over its implementation, as well as competent preparation of the site, for example, reasonable formation of objects of protection. Restorers also need to do a lot: to bring back forgotten materials and crafts, technologies, she said.
- We are not sure that business will go to this program at a rate of more than 14%, taking into account the cost of restoration and all the problematic issues that are now associated with the OKN, - said the chairman of the commission "Support of Russia" on the development of business, preserving historical and architectural heritage Tatiana Lvova. - According to our experts' estimates, out of about 30 thousand OKN, which are in unsatisfactory condition in Russia, the number of investment-attractive objects, which can be preserved and involved in economic turnover by private investors, is about 9 thousand. Based on this, the potential volume of the historical real estate market in Russia is not less than 1.6 trillion rubles, - said Lvova.
Urban believes that the effect of the program is likely to be very limited. Firstly, working with historic buildings always imposes a lot of restrictions concerning internal redevelopment, laying new utilities, changes to the facade, etc.
Beginning of restoration of facades and foundations of the object of cultural heritage of federal significance of the late 18th - early 19th century "Durasov Estate - Palace" in the Lublino Estate Museum
- Secondly, the question arises, who will be targeted by such a development project? A reconstructed historic house in the city center falls into the "premium" or "business plus" segment by default. However, of the regions where the scheme with soft loans will be introduced, only the Nizhny Novgorod Region has a relatively developed premium real estate market. In other regions, the audience of this product is extremely limited, especially in the current economic conditions," the company concluded.
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